Date of Award

Summer 2000

Document Type

Thesis - Restricted

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Dentistry

First Advisor

Olsen, Kris F.

Second Advisor

Dhuru, Virendra

Third Advisor

Gaffney, Joseph

Abstract

Endodontic surgery is a broad term that encompasses many different procedures. Surgical procedures that an endodontist may perform are apicoectomies, root resection, root amputations, repair of perforations and repair of root resorption. The objective of a surgical root repair is to provide a hermetic seal when a defect is created or present. Perforation of teeth results in an inflammatory reaction of the periodontium that can lead to irreversible attachment loss. If the perforation is not adequately repaired, the prognosis for these teeth is poor. There are many different materials that have been used to repair defects, but it is difficult to fulfill the criteria that make a repair material ideal. The criteria include sealability, biocompatibility, and the ability to promote healing of the surrounding tissues. Tooth resorption is a common sequel to injuries or irritation to the periodontal ligament and/or tooth pulp. The course of tooth resorption involves an elaborate interaction among inflammatory cells, resorbing cells, and hard tissue structures. Regardless of type of resorption, non-surgical and possibly surgical root canal therapy intervention is needed. Debridement and obliteration of the resorptive defect are the main objectives. In addition, the restorative treatment should include a material that fulfills the criteria of an ideal repair material. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been investigate in series of tests and has demonstrated many of the ideal properties. MTA has shown superior results in dye and bacteria leakage studies. Histological studies conclude that MTA produce minimal inflammation of periapical tissues as well as promoting their regeneration. Different methodologies have been used to evaluate leakage of repair filling materials. They have shown promising results with MTA However, there are no current leakage studies done in mid-root defects. The presence of an intact layer of cementum and changes in the orientation of the dentinal tubules may yield different results from apical preparations. Furthermore, varying moisture conditions of the surgical site and operator technique might produce changes in the hydration ratio of the MTA material itself. The attempt of this study is to evaluate leakage in vitro of three different mixtures of MTA material in mid-root, test defects using extracted human teeth.

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