Document Type

Article

Language

eng

Publication Date

4-1-2021

Publisher

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Source Publication

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Source ISSN

0018-9545

Abstract

In this paper, we present measurements and analysis of propagation channels in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) scenarios, which are the basis of designing vehicular communication systems. Firstly, we propose a deterministic geometry-based method to classify V2I links into three types, i.e., line-of-sight beneath (LOS-B), non-LOS (NLOS), and line-of-sight above (LOS-A), based on the environmental features, where roadside row of trees constitute the main obstacles. Secondly, for each link, we investigate the large-scale fading effect on V2I channels, including the path loss exponent and shadowing components. Subsequently, we validate the empirical path loss model using extensive measurements and two classical channel models. The results show a good fit with a near-zero mean and tolerable standard deviation of the estimation error. Finally, we analyze the small-scale fading effects, including fading depth and distance-dependent Ricean K-Factor, which are very important for accurately predicting the required fading margin and link budget. Through the analysis and simulations, this work provides a reference of the V2I channel characteristics for the test, design, and performance analysis of V2I communication systems.

Comments

Accepted version. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 69, No. 4 (April 2020): 3550-3561. DOI. © 2020 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Used with permission.

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