Syntroph Diversity and Abundance in Anaerobic Digestion Revealed Through a Comparative Core Microbiome Approach

Authors

Masanori Fujimoto, Marquette UniversityFollow
Daniel Elliott Carey, Marquette UniversityFollow
Daniel Zitomer, Marquette UniversityFollow
Patrick J. McNamara, Marquette UniversityFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-2019

Publisher

Springer

Source Publication

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Source ISSN

0175-7598

Abstract

Anaerobic digestion is an important biotechnology treatment process for conversion of waste to energy. In this study, a comparative core microbiome approach, i.e., determining taxa that are shared in functioning digesters but not shared in non-functioning digesters, was used to determine microbial taxa that could play key roles for effective anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digester functions were impaired by adding the broad-spectrum antimicrobial triclosan (TCS) or triclocarban (TCC) at different concentrations, and the core microbiomes in both functioning and non-functioning anaerobic digesters were compared. Digesters treated with high (2500 mg/kg) or medium (450 mg/kg) TCS and high (850 mg/kg) TCC concentrations lost their function, i.e., methane production decreased, effluent volatile fatty acid concentrations increased, and pH decreased. Changes in microbial community diversity and compositions were assessed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Microbial richness decreased significantly in non-functioning digesters (p < 0.001). Microbial community compositions in non-functioning digesters significantly differed from those in functioning digesters (p = 0.001, ANOSIM). Microbes identified as potentially key taxa included previously known fatty acid-degrading syntrophs and amino acid-degrading syntrophs. A diverse group of syntrophs detected in this study had low relative abundance in functioning digesters, suggesting the importance of rare microbes in anaerobic digester operation. The comparative microbiome approach used in this study can be applied to other microbial systems where a community-driven biological phenomena can be observed directly.

Comments

Accepted version. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 103, No. 15 (August 2019): 6353-6367. DOI. © 2019 Springer. Used with permission.

Recommended Citation

Fujimoto, Masanori; Carey, Daniel Elliott; Zitomer, Daniel; and McNamara, Patrick J., "Syntroph Diversity and Abundance in Anaerobic Digestion Revealed Through a Comparative Core Microbiome Approach" (2019). Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications. 316.
https://epublications.marquette.edu/civengin_fac/316