Development of 3D PCL microsphere/TiO₂ nanotube composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Authors

Kimia Khoshroo, Marquette University
Tahereh S. Jafarzadeh Kashi, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Fathollah Moztarzadeh, Amirkabir University of Technology-Iran
Mohammadreza Tahriri, Amirkabir University of TechnologyFollow
Hossein E. Jazayeri, Marquette UniversityFollow
Lobat Tayebi, Marquette UniversityFollow

Document Type

Article

Language

eng

Format of Original

13 p.

Publication Date

1-1-2017

Publisher

Elsevier

Source Publication

Materials Science and Engineering: C

Source ISSN

0928-4931

Abstract

In this research, the three dimensional porous scaffolds made of a polycaprolactone (PCL) microsphere/TiO₂ nanotube (TNT) composite was fabricated and evaluated for potential bone substitute applications. We used a microsphere sintering method to produce three dimensional PCL microsphere/TNT composite scaffolds. The mechanical properties of composite scaffolds were regulated by varying parameters, such as sintering time, microsphere diameter range size and PCL/TNT ratio. The obtained results ascertained that the PCL/TNT (0.5 wt%) scaffold sintered at 60 °C for 90 min had the most optimal mechanical properties and an appropriate pore structure for bone tissue engineering applications. The average pore size and total porosity percentage increased after increasing the microsphere diameter range for PCL and PCL/TNT (0.5 wt%) scaffolds. The degradation rate was relatively high in PCL/TNT (0.5 wt%) composites compared to pure PCL when the samples were placed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) for 6 weeks. Also, the compressive strength and modulus of PCL and PCL/TNT (0.5 wt%) composite scaffolds decreased during the 6 weeks of storage in SBF. MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay and alkaline phosphates (ALP) activity results demonstrated that a generally increasing trend in cell viability was observed for PCL/TNT (0.5 wt%) scaffold sintered at 60 °C for 90 min compared to the control group. Eventually, the quantitative RT-PCR data provided the evidence that the PCL scaffold containing TiO₂ nanotube constitutes a good substrate for cell differentiation leading to ECM mineralization.

Comments

Accepted version. Materials Science and Engineering: C, Vol. 70, No. 1 (January 1, 2017): 586-598. DOI. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Used with permission.

Recommended Citation

Khoshroo, Kimia; Jafarzadeh Kashi, Tahereh S.; Moztarzadeh, Fathollah; Tahriri, Mohammadreza; Jazayeri, Hossein E.; and Tayebi, Lobat, "Development of 3D PCL microsphere/TiO₂ nanotube composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering" (2017). School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications. 175.
https://epublications.marquette.edu/dentistry_fac/175