Date of Award
Spring 1997
Document Type
Dissertation - Restricted
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department
Theology
First Advisor
Misner, Paul
Second Advisor
Carey, Patrick W.
Third Advisor
Kelly, William
Abstract
"Christendom," understood as that complex relationship between Christianity and culture, church authority and civil authority, that was considered normative in Europe before and even after the Reformation, constituted a religion-political ideal for many Christians long after the secularization of public life had set in. This ideal was strong among conservative church people, particularly in the Ultramontane movement within the Roman Catholic Church that was such a prominent feature of religious history in the nineteenth century. The name of Henry Edward Manning (1808-1892) stands out as one of the foremost representatives of Ultramontane ecclesiology. Before he became a champion of both the temporal power and of papal infallibility (First Vatican Council, 1870), he had been a promising leader in the Church of England (converted to Catholicism, 1851). He succeeded Cardinal Wiseman as Roman Catholic Archbishop of Westminster in 1865. Manning was considered ultra-conservative in his Ultramontane policies by prominent liberals, and considered a reformer and quasi-socialist in his social justice activity and in his strong identification and association with the working class poor. In light of these dissonant judgments, a problem arises as to the appropriate context in which Manning should be seen, so as to understand how the various causes that he championed relate to each other...