Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2024

Publisher

BioMed Central (BMC)

Source Publication

BMC Neurology

Source ISSN

1471-2377

Original Item ID

DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03871-1

Abstract

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of neurological disability among young and middle-aged adults worldwide, and disability is measured using a variety of approaches, including patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as the Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) scale. There is limited evidence for the validity of inferences from the middle-range of scores on the PDDS (i.e., 3 “gait disability” – 6 “bilateral support”), but that range of scores seemingly represents moderate disability characterized by varying levels of walking dysfunction.

Purpose

The current study examined whether the middle-range of scores from the PDDS reflect varying levels of walking dysfunction among people with MS.

Method

Participants (N = 374) completed the Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) scale, Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 (MSWS-12), timed 25-foot walk (T25FW), six-minute walk (6 MW), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), and Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale-29 (MSIS-29), and underwent a neurological exam for generating an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score as part of screening and baseline data collection for a clinical trial of exercise training in MS. We undertook a series of linear trend analyses that examined differences in the outcomes of EDSS, T25FW, 6 MW, MSWS-12, MFIS subscales, and MSIS-29 subscales across the 4 levels of PDDS scores (i.e., 3–6).

Results

There were statistically significant and strong linear trends for EDSS (F1,370 = 306.1, p <  .0001, η2 = 0.48), T25FW (F1,370 = 161.0, p <  .0001, η2 = 0.32), 6 MW (F1,370 = 178.9, p <  .0001, η2 = 0.34), and MSWS-12 (F1,370 = 97.0, p <  .0001, η2 = 0.24). There was a strong correlation between PDDS and EDSS scores (rs = 0.695, 95% CI = 0.643, 0.748). Both PDDS and EDSS scores had strong correlations with walking outcomes, yet weaker correlations with measures of fatigue and QOL.

Conclusion

The PDDS could serve as a simple, inexpensive, and rapidly administered PROM for remote screening and early detection of walking dysfunction for initial eligibility into clinical trials and practice for managing mobility-specific disability in MS.

Comments

Published version. BMC Neurology, Vol. 24 (2024): 383. DOI. © The Author(s). Used with permission.

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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