Document Type

Article

Language

eng

Publication Date

2018

Publisher

Institute of Mathematical Statistics

Source Publication

The Annals of Applied Statistics

Source ISSN

1932-6157

Abstract

A complex-valued data-based model with th order autoregressive errors and general real/imaginary error covariance structure is proposed as an alternative to the commonly used magnitude-only data-based autoregressive model for fMRI time series. Likelihood-ratio-test-based activation statistics are derived for both models and compared for experimental and simulated data. For a dataset from a right-hand finger-tapping experiment, the activation map obtained using complex-valued modeling more clearly identifies the primary activation region (left functional central sulcus) than the magnitude-only model. Such improved accuracy in mapping the left functional central sulcus has important implications in neurosurgical planning for tumor and epilepsy patients. Additionally, we develop magnitude and phase detrending procedures for complex-valued time series and examine the effect of spatial smoothing. These methods improve the power of complex-valued data-based activation statistics. Our results advocate for the use of the complex-valued data and the modeling of its dependence structures as a more efficient and reliable tool in fMRI experiments over the current practice of using only magnitude-valued datasets.

Comments

Published version. The Annals of Applied Statistics, Vol. 12, No. 3 (2018): 1451-1478. Permanent link to this document. © 2018 The Institute of Mathematical Statistics. Used with permission.

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