Atropine Microdialysis Within or Near the pre-Bötzinger Complex Increases Breathing Frequency More During Wakefulness than During NREM Sleep

Authors

Clarissa Muere, Medical College of Wisconsin
Suzanne E. Neumueller, Medical College of WisconsinFollow
Justin Robert Miller, Medical College of WisconsinFollow
Samantha Olesiak, Medical College of Wisconsin
Matthew R. Hodges, Medical College of WisconsinFollow
Lawrence Pan, Marquette UniversityFollow
Hubert V. Forster, Medical College of Wisconsin

Document Type

Article

Language

eng

Format of Original

11 p.

Publication Date

3-1-2013

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Source Publication

Journal of Applied Physiology

Source ISSN

0021-8987

Original Item ID

doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00634.2012

Abstract

Normal activity of neurons within the medullary ventral respiratory column (VRC) in or near the pre-Bötzinger Complex (preBötC) is dependent on the balance of inhibitory and excitatory neuromodulators acting at their respective receptors. The role of cholinergic neuromodulation during awake and sleep states is unknown. Accordingly, our objective herein was to test the hypotheses that attenuation of cholinergic modulation of VRC/preBötC neurons in vivo with atropine would: 1) decrease breathing frequency more while awake than during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep and 2) increase other excitatory neuromodulators. To test these hypotheses, we unilaterally dialyzed mock cerebrospinal fluid (mCSF) or 50 mM atropine in mCSF in or near the preBötC region of adult goats during the awake (n = 9) and NREM sleep (n = 7) states. Breathing was monitored, and effluent dialysate was collected for analysis of multiple neurochemicals. Compared with dialysis of mCSF alone, atropine increased (P < 0.05) breathing frequency while awake during the day [+10 breaths (br)/min] and at night (+9 br/min) and, to a lesser extent, during NREM sleep (+5 br/min). Atropine increased (P < 0.05) effluent concentrations of serotonin (5-HT), substance P (SP), and glycine during the day and at night. When atropine was dialyzed in one preBötC and mCSF in the contralateral preBötC, 5-HT and SP increased only at the site of atropine dialysis. We conclude: 1) attenuation of a single neuromodulator results in local changes in other neuromodulators that affect ventilatory control, 2) effects of perturbations of cholinergic neuromodulation on breathing are state-dependent, and 3) interpretation of perturbations in vivo requires consideration of direct and indirect effects.

Comments

Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 114, No. 5 (March 1, 2013): 694-704. DOI.

Recommended Citation

Muere, Clarissa; Neumueller, Suzanne E.; Miller, Justin Robert; Olesiak, Samantha; Hodges, Matthew R.; Pan, Lawrence; and Forster, Hubert V., "Atropine Microdialysis Within or Near the pre-Bötzinger Complex Increases Breathing Frequency More During Wakefulness than During NREM Sleep" (2013). Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications. 54.
https://epublications.marquette.edu/phys_therapy_fac/54