Date of Award

5-1941

Document Type

Thesis - Restricted

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Medical

Abstract

The phenomenon of erythrocyte sedimentation in altered physiological states has intrigued physicians and veterinarians ever since the time of Hippocrates. In those early days it was noticed that blood removed by venesection frequently became stratified into four layers when it was allowed to stand in an amber vessel; the degree of stratification being proportional to the state of ill health. These strata were given names which have more or less persisted in various modifications to our present time. These early observations formed the basis of the humoral theory of pathology which, after it had been developed and embellished by Galen, was the official codex of western medicine until the last century. The four strata and the humors which they represented are:

  • fire - yellow bile - cholera - (serum)
  • water - phlegm - phlegma, pituita - (fibrin and leukocytes)
  • air - blood - sanguis - (oxygenated erythrocytes)
  • earth - black bile - melancholia - (deoxygenated erythrocytes)

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