The Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications Series is comprised of books and articles published by Marquette University's chemistry faculty.
Submissions from 1998
Synthetic Studies Directed Toward Streptenol D: Enantioselective Preparation of the 3,5-diacetoxy-6E,8E-decadiene Segment, Bireshwar Dasgupta and William A. Donaldson
TGA–FTi.r. investigation of the thermal degradation of Nafion® and Nafion®/[silicon oxide]-based nanocomposites, Q. Deng, Charles Wilkie, R. B. Moore, and Kenneth A. Mauritz
Direct Voltammetric Observation of Redox Driven Changes in Axial Coordination and Intramolecular Rearrangement of the Phenylalanine-82-Histidine Variant of Yeast Iso-1-cytochrome c, Benjamin A. Feinberg, Xiangjun Liu, Michael D. Ryan, Abel Schejter, Chongyao Zhang, and Emanuel Margoliash
Direct Voltammetric Observation of Redox Driven Changes in Axial Coordination and Intramolecular Rearrangement of the Phenylalanine-82-Histidine Variant of Yeast Iso-1-cytochrome c, Benjamin A. Feinberg, Xiangjun Liu, Michael D. Ryan, Abel Schejter, Chongyao Zhang, and Emanuel Margoliash
Proton NMR Spectroscopy as a Probe of Dinuclear Copper(II) Active Sites in Metalloproteins. Characterization of the Hyperactive Copper(II)-Substituted Aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica, Richard C. Holz, Brian Bennett, Guanjing Chen, and Li-June Ming
Synthesis, Molecular Structure, and Reactivity of Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes with Carboxylate-Rich Coordination Environments, Richard C. Holz, John M. Bradshaw, and Brian Bennett
Graft Copolymerization of Methacrylic Acid, Acrylic Acid and Methyl Acrylate onto Styrene–Butadiene Block Copolymer, David D. Jiang and Charles Wilkie
Structure of 5-nitro-2-tosylaminobenzaldehyde di(morpholin-4-yl)aminal Complex with Carbon Tetrachloride, V. N. Khrustalev, Sergey V. Lindeman, L. Yu Ukhin, G. I. Orlova, T. N. Gribanova, and O. V. Shishkin
Surface Modification of Polyamide-6: Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers onto Polyamide-6 and Thermal Analysis of the Graft Copolymers, Nicole M. Langer and Charles A. Wilkie
Unusually Short (C−H···π) Hydrogen Bonds for Effective Supramolecular (Aromatic/Aromatic) Organization in Edge-to-Face Motifs, Sergey V. Lindeman, D. Kosynkin, and Jay K. Kochi
Chemical and Electrochemical Studies of Cl2FeS2MS2FeCl2n- Clusters [M = Mo (n = 2), W (n = 2), V (n = 3)], Yanming Liu, Jinhai Chen, and Michael D. Ryan
Chemical and Electrochemical Studies of Cl2FeS2MS2FeCl2n- Clusters [M = Mo (n = 2), W (n = 2), V (n = 3)], Yanming Liu, Jinhai Chen, and Michael D. Ryan
X-Ray Structure of Bridged 2,2′-Bi(Adamant-2-ylidene) Chloronium Cation and Comparison of its Reactivity with a Singly-Bonded Chloroarenium Cation, T. Mori and Rajendra Rathore
Effect of Kinetic Factors on Heat Denaturation and Renaturation of Biopolymers, Sergey A. Potekhin and Evgenii L. Kovrigin
Folding Under Inequilibrium Conditions as a Possible Reason for Partial Irreversibility of Heat-Denatured Proteins: Computer Simulation Study, Sergey A. Potekhin and Evgenii L. Kovrigin
Preparation and Structures of Crystalline Aromatic Cation-Radical Salts. Triethyloxonium Hexachloroantimonate as a Novel (One-Electron) Oxidant, Rajendra Rathore, A. S. Kumar, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Jay K. Kochi
Disproportionation and Structural Changes of Tetraarylethylene Donors upon Successive Oxidation to Cation Radicals and to Dications, Rajendra Rathore, Sergey V. Lindeman, A. S. Kumar, and Jay K. Kochi
Novel Synthesis and Structures of Tris-Annelated Benzene Donors for the Electron-Density Elucidation of the Classical Mills−Nixon Effect, Rajendra Rathore, Sergey V. Lindeman, A. S. Kumar, and Jay K. Kochi
Synthesis and Characterization of Large Stereoregular Organosiloxane Cycles, O. I. Schchegolikhina, V. A. Igonin, Yulia A. Molodtsova, Yu. A. Pozdniakova, Alexandr A. Zhdanov, T. V. Strelkova, and Sergey V. Lindeman
Studies on the Preparation of Protomycinolide IV: Enantioselective Synthesis of the C3–C9 Segment, James Thomas Wasicak and William A. Donaldson
Submissions from 1997
Remote Diastereoselective Control via Organoiron Methodology: Stereoselective Preparation of 4,6-, 5,7- and 6,8-dien-2-ol (tricarbonyl) Iron Complexes, Peter Thomas Bell, Bireshwar Dasgupta, and William A. Donaldson
EPR Studies on the Mono- and Dicobalt(II)-Substituted Forms of the Aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica. Insight into the Catalytic Mechanism of Dinuclear Hydrolases, Brian Bennett and Richard C. Holz
Spectroscopically Distinct Cobalt(II) Sites in Heterodimetallic Forms of the Aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica: Characterization of Substrate Binding, Brian Bennett and Richard C. Holz
Mechanistic Studies on the Aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica: A Two-Metal Ion Mechanism for Peptide Hydrolysis, Guanjing Chen, Tanya Edwards, Ventris M. D'Souza, and Richard C. Holz
Reactions of Hydroxylamine with Metal Porphyrins, In Kyu Choi, Yanming Liu, Zhongcheng Wei, and Michael D. Ryan
Preparation and Reactivity of Acyclic (Pentadienyl)iron(1+) Cations: Applications to Organic Synthesis, William A. Donaldson
Synthesis and Characterization of tricarbonyl(trimethylenemethane)iron complexes: crystal structure of (2-methylene-6-p-nitrobenzoyloxy-heptan-1,3-diyl)Fe(CO)3, William A. Donaldson, Charles D. Cushnie, Shu Guo, Mark J. Kramer, and Dennis W. Bennett
Reactivity of 1-Substituted (pentadienyl)iron(1+) Cations: Regioselectivity for Addition of Malonate Nucleophiles; Formation of (pentenediyl)- and (diene) Iron Complexes, William A. Donaldson, Lewei Shang, Chunlin Tao, Young K. Yun, Muthukumar Ramaswamy, and Victor G. Young Jr.
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of the [2Fe-2S]1--Containing “Rieske-Type” Protein from Xanthobacter Strain Py2, Richard C. Holz, Frederick J. Small, and Scott A. Ensign
N-Methylbenzothiazole-2(3H)-selone, C8H7NSSe, Steinar Husebye, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Martin D. Rudd
Chemical Initiation of Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Styrene–butadiene Block Copolymer, David D. Jiang and Charles Wilkie
Preparation of Organometallic Complexed Sugars: Hetero Diels−Alder Reactivity of Tricarbonyl(formyltrimethylenemethane)- iron, Paul J. Kleindl and William A. Donaldson
Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Spiro[6-Azaperimidine-2,4′-Cyclohexa-2′,5′-Dien]-1′-One Derivatives, V. N. Komissarov, E. N. Gruzdeva, L. P. Olekhnovich, G. S. Borodkin, V. N. Khrustalev, Sergey V. Lindeman, Yu T. Struchkov, V. A. Kogan, and V. I. Minkin
Molecular Structure and Conformational Dynamics of 3,12-dichloro-5,14-diphenyl-7,9a,16,18a-tetrazadibenzo[a,l]pentacene-9, 18-dione, A. Yu. Kovalevsky, O. V. Shishkin, I. A. Ronova, Igor I. Ponomarev, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Yu. A. Volkova
Preferential Solvation Changes upon Lysozyme Heat Denaturation in Mixed Solvents, Evgenii L. Kovrigin and Sergey A. Potekhin
Improving the Thermal Stability of Polystyrene by Friedel-Crafts Chemistry, Jinming Li and Charles Wilkie
Hexakis(dimethylformamide)bis(hexaphenylcyclohexasiloxanehexaolato)hexacopper(II) Dimethylformamide Solvate, Sergey V. Lindeman, Olga I. Shchegolikhina, Yulia A. Molodtsova, and Alexandr A. Zhdanov
Electrochemistry of Nitrite Reductase Model Compounds 6. Voltammetric and Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Iron(II) Nitrosyl Complexes with Porphyrins, Hydroprophyrins and Porphinones, Yanming Liu, Chathra DeSilva, and Michael D. Ryan
Charge-Transfer Probes for Molecular Recognition via Steric Hindrance in Donor-Acceptor Pairs, Rajendra Rathore, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Jay K. Kochi
Tautomeric Conversion of a Thiourea Ligand upon Formation of a Hypervalent Tellurium (II) Complex. Synthesis, and X-ray Structural Studies of N-Phenyl-N’-(1,3-Thiazol-2-YL)-Thiourea and Bromophenyl [1-Phenyl-3-(1’,3’-Thiazol-3’-ium-2’-YL)-isothioureidato]tellurium, Martin D. Rudd, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Steinar Husebye
The Electrochemical Oxidation of Organic Selenides and Selenoxides, Michael D. Ryan, Jiyi Yau, and Michael Hack
Alkylation of Tricarbonyl(diene)iron Complexes: Model Studies for the Preparation of Protomycinolide IV, James Thomas Wasicak, Richard A. Craig, Rodger Henry, Bireshwar Dasgupta, Huameng Li, and William A. Donaldson
Lithiation–alkylation of Polystyrene Occurs Only on the Ring, Thomas J. Xue, Mark S. Jones, John R. Ebdon, and Charles Wilkie
The Thermal Degradation of Polyacrylonitrile, Thomas J. Xue, Michael A. McKinney, and Charles Wilkie
Graft Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile onto Polystyrene, Thomas J. Xue and Charles Wilkie
Thermal Degradation of Poly(styrene-g-acrylonitrile), Thomas J. Xue and Charles Wilkie
Crystal and Molecular Structure of a Trisubstituted Cyclopropane: Dimethyl 2-methyl-2-[-2′-trans-methoxycarbonyl-3′-trans-(2″-p-nitrobenzoyloxyethyl)]-cyclopropylpropanedioate, C20H23NO10, Victor G. Young Jr., Young K. Yun, and William A. Donaldson
An Unusual Stereochemical Outcome in the Oxidatively Induced Reductive Elimination of (Pentenediyl)iron Complexes, Young K. Yun and William A. Donaldson
Submissions from 1996
Characterization of the Structural and Electronic Properties of Spin-Coupled Dinuclear Copper(II) Centers by Proton NMR Spectroscopy, Julie M. Brink, Rachel A. Rose, and Richard C. Holz
Chemically Initiated Graft Copolymerization of Acrylic Acid onto Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) Terpolymer and its Constituent Polymers, Jayakody A Chandrasiri and Charles Wilkie
Graft Copolymerization of Acrylic Acid on to Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene Terpolymer and Thermal Analysis of the Copolymers, Cyarthur Deacon and Charles Wilkie
Dihydroxylation/glycol Cleavage of Tricarbonyl(triene)iron Complexes, William A. Donaldson and Lewei Shang
μ-OXO-BIS[TRIS(PYRROLIDINO-N)PHOSPHONIUM] TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE, A SALT WITH A DIPHOSPHONIUM ION WITH A NON-LINEAR P[sbnd]O[sbnd]P SEQUENCE, Thor Gramstad, Steinar Husebye, and Sergey V. Lindeman
J-Dependent Curie or Anti-Curie Behavior of Proton NMR Resonances for Antiferromagnetically Coupled Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes, Richard C. Holz, Julie M. Brink, and Rachel A. Rose
Two-Dimensional 1H NMR Studies on Octahedral Nickel(II) Complexes, Richard C. Holz, Evgenij A. Evdokimov, and Feben T. Gobena
Synthesis, Molecular Structure and Reactivity of a New Dicopper(II) Benzimidazole Complex with Non-Identical Copper(II) Sites, Richard C. Holz and Feben T. Gobena
Bromobis(Diethyldithiocarbamato)(4-Methoxyphenyl)Tellurium(IV), Steinar Husebye, Thoralf Engebretsen, Martin D. Rudd, and Sergey V. Lindeman
Bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)(iodo)(4-methoxyphenyl)tellurium(IV), p-MeOC6H4Te(Et2NCS2)2I, and its Isomorphous Partially Bromine-Replaced Analogue, p-MeOC6H4Te(Et2NCS2)2Br0.41I0.59, Steinar Husebye, Steffen Kudis, and Sergey V. Lindeman
Bromobis(dimethyldithiocarbamato)(4-methoxyphenyl)tellurium(IV) Dichloromethane Hemisolvate, p-MeOC6H4Te(Me2NCS2)2Br.0.5CH2Cl2, Steinar Husebye, Steffen Kudis, and Sergey V. Lindeman
Synthesis and X-ray Structural Study of 1-adamantylmethyl 2-cyanoacrylate and 1,10-decanediol bis-2-cyanoacrylate, V. N. Khrustalev, O. V. Shishkin, Sergey V. Lindeman, Yu T. Struchkov, M. A. Galkina, and Yu. G. Gololobov
Synthesis and X-ray Structural Study of 1-adamantylmethyl 2-cyanoacrylate and 1,10-decanediol bis-2-cyanoacrylate, V. N. Khrustalev, O. V. Shishkin, Sergey V. Lindeman, Yu T. Struchkov, M. A. Galkina, and Yu. G. Gololobov
Enthalpy of Stabilization of the Structure Hen's Egg Lysozyme in Aqueous Solutions of Dimethyl Sulphoxide, Evgenii L. Kovrigin, M. D. Kirkitadze, and Sergey A. Potekhin
Microcalorimetric Study of the Effect of Dimethylsulphoxide on the Heat Denaturing of Lysozyme, Evgenii L. Kovrigin and Sergey A. Potekhin
Synthesis of the C1-C8 Tetrahydropyranyl Segment of the Antifungal Agent Ambruticin and its C3 Epimer, Luping Liu and William A. Donaldson
Molecular and Crystal Structure of 4,5,4′,5′-tetrahydro-2,2′-(1,4-phenylene) bisoxazoline, V. A. Pankratov, L. M. Mitina, Yu. E. Doroshenko, V. V. Yas'kevich, V. N. Khrustalev, and Sergey V. Lindeman
Molecular and Crystal Structure of 4,5,4′,5′-tetrahydro-2,2′-(1,4-phenylene)bisoxazoline, V. A. Pankratov, L. M. Mitina, Yu. E. Doroshenko, V. V. Yas'kevich, V. N. Khrustalev, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Yu T. Struchkov
Synthesis and Structure of 6-chloro-2,3-trimethylene-4-phenylquinoline, Igor I. Ponomarev, O. V. Shishkin, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Yu. V. Volkova
Enantioselective Synthesis of the C11-C24 Segment of Macrolactin a via Organoiron Methodology, Vadapalli Prahlad and William A. Donaldson
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Dinitroxyl Crown Ether Biradical with Indole Groups in the Side Chains, A. B. Shapiro, V. I. Suskina, V. N. Khrustalev, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Yu T. Struchkov
Cyclosiloxane Sandwich Complexes of a Lanthanide Metal: Na6{[(C6H5SiO2)8]2Nd4(μ4-O)}, Olga I. Shchegolikhina, Yu. A. Pozdniakova, Sergey V. Lindeman, Alexandr A. Zhdanov, R. Psaro, R. Ugo, G. Gavioli, R. Battistuzzi, M. Borsari, T. Rüffer, C. Zucchi, and G. Pályi
Grafting to Achieve Flame Retardancy, Charles Wilkie, Masanori Suzuki, Xiaoxing Dong, Cyarthur Deacon, Jayakody A Chandrasiri, and Thomas J. Xue
Crystal and Molecular Structure of 569-1569-1569-1, C12H16O5Fe, Victor G. Young Jr., Bireshwar Dasgupta, and William A. Donaldson
Cyclooligosiloxanolate Cluster Complexes of Transition Metals and Lanthanides, C. Zucchi, Olga I. Shchegolikhina, M. Borsari, A. Cornia, G. Gavioli, A. C. Fabretti, E. Rentschler, D. Gatteschi, R. Ugo, R. Psaro, Yu. A. Pozdniakova, Sergey V. Lindeman, Alexandr A. Zhdanov, and G. Pályi
Submissions from 1995
Structure and Conformational Flexibility of Hexamethyldiperoxacyclononane, V. L. Antonovsky, A. Yu. Kosnikov, I. L. Shamovskii, V. N. Khrustalev, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Yu T. Struchkov
Synthesis of 12- and 13-Membered Sulfur-Containing Lactones by Homolytic Macrocyclization of Mercaptoacetic Esters with Alkynes, Dmitry V. Demchuk, Margarita I. Lazareva, Sergey V. Lindeman, Viktor N. Khrustalyov, Yurii T. Struchkov, Rustem F. Ismagilov, Emmanuil I. Troyansky, and Gennady I. Nikishin
Iron-Mediated C-C Bond Formation. Preparation of (Trimethylenemethane)iron Complexes via Reaction of Weak Carbon Nucleophiles with in Situ Generated Cross-Conjugated Pentadienyl Cations. Nucleophilic Attack on (Trimethylenemethane)iron Complexes with Carbanions, William A. Donaldson, M. Azad Hossain, and Charles D. Cushnie
Reactivity of (Pentadienyl)iron(1+) Cations: Nucleophilic Addition by Phosphines Is Reversible in Certain Cases, William A. Donaldson, Leiwei Shang, Muthukumar Ramaswamy, Christine A. Droste, Chunlin Tao, and Dennis W. Bennett
Reactivity of (pentadienyl)iron(1+) Cations: Effect of Peripheral Ligands on the Regioselectivity of Nucleophilic Addition, William A. Donaldson and Lewei Shang
Graft Copolymers of Methacrylic Acid and SBS and K-resin by the Anthracene Photosensitized Formation of Hydroperoxides, Xiaoxing Dong, Georges Geuskens, and Charles Wilkie
Electrochemical cyclodimerization of alkylidenemalonates, Michail N. Elinson, Sergey K. Feducovich, Alexandre A. Zakharenkov, Bogdan I. Ugrak, Gennady I. Nikishin, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Jurii T. Struchkov
Bimetallic siloxane cluster of higher valent transition metals: Na{[η6-cyclo-(PhSiO2)6]2Co2Ni4(μ6-Cl)}, G. Gavioli, R. Battistuzzi, P. Santi, C. Zucchi, G. Pályi, R. Ugo, A. Vizi-Orosz, O. I. Schchegolikhina, Yu. A. Pozdniakova, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Alexandr A. Zhdanov
cis-(Diethyldithiocarbamato)diiodo(phenyl)tellurium(IV), PhTe(S2CNEt2)I2, and its Methoxy-Substituted Mixed Br/1 Analogue cis-Bis(0.4-bromo/0.6-iodo)-(diethyldithiocarbamato)(4-methoxyphenyl) tellurium(IV), p-MeOC6H4Te(S2 CNEt2)(Br0.4I0.6)2, Steinar Husebye, Steffen Kudis, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Peter Strauch
Tris(diethyldithiocarbamato)(4-methoxyphenyl)tellurium(IV), p-MeOC6H4Te(S2CNEt2)3, and the Triclinic Modification of Tris(diethyldithiocarbamato)phenyltellurium(IV), PhTe(S2CNEt2)3, Steinar Husebye and Sergey V. Lindeman
Reaction of stereoisomeric bis(cyclohexyl)-2,2′-diones with hydrogen peroxide: structure of the formed adducts, V. N. Khrustalev, Sergey V. Lindeman, Yu T. Struchkov, E. K. Starostin, A. V. Ignatenko, and Gennady I. Nikishin
cis-6-Methoxycarbonyl-2,10-dioxa-1-phosphabicyclo[4.4.0]decane 1-Oxide, Thomas M. Lane, Oscar P Rodriguez, Anthony Gerard Sommese, Sheldon E. Cremer, and Dennis W. Bennett
Proton NMR Investigation of the [4Fe-4S]1+ Cluster Environment of Nitrogenase Iron Protein from Azotobacter vinelandii: Defining Nucleotide-induced Conformational Changes, William N. Lanzilotta, Richard C. Holz, and Lance C. Seefeldt
Benz[4,5]Isoquino[1,2-b]Quinazoline-7,9-Dione and a Rearrangement Product of its Hydrolysis, 2-(1,8-Naphthalenedicarboximido)benzamide, Sergey V. Lindeman, Igor I. Ponomarev, and Alexandr L. Rusanov
Macrobicyclic d-Metal Tris-Dioximates Obtained by Cross-linking with p-Block Elements. XV. Crystal and Molecular Structures of Two Macrobiocyclic Tin-containing Cobalt(III) Tris-Dioximates, Sergey V. Lindeman, Yuri T. Struchkov, and Yan Z. Voloshin
Carbocyclic and nitrogen-containing fused CH-acids with an annelated indenyl fragment. Thermogravimetric and X-ray structural analysis of 6H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoline, V. G. Pleshakov; V. M. Akimov; E. Huipe Nava; Sergey V. Lindeman; Yu T. Struchkov; K. D. Ambacheu; A. G. Dudareva; M. A. Ryashentseva; V. P. Zvolinsky; and N, S. Prostakov
Conformational Analysis of 5,6-dihydropyrimidine and Its Derivatives, O. V. Shishkin, A. S. Polyakova, S. M. Desenko, D. V. Orlov, Sergey V. Lindeman, and Yu T. Struchkov
Structures of Polymetallaorganosiloxanolates—a Novel Class of Organosilicon Metal Complexes, Yu T. Struchkov and Sergey V. Lindeman
Graft Copolymerization of Methacrylic Acid and Acrylamide onto Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene Terpolymer by Photoinduced Hydroperoxide, Masanori Suzuki and Charles Wilkie
The Thermal Degradation of Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymei as Studied by TGA/FTIR, Masanori Suzuki and Charles Wilkie
The Thermal Degradation of Acrylonitri-lebutadiene-styrene terpolymer Grafted with Methacrylic Acid, Masanori Suzuki and Charles Wilkie
Stereoselective Free Radical Cycloaddition-macrocyclization in Facile Synthesis of trans-cyclohexano-fused 12-membered Crown Thioethers, Emmanuil I. Troyansky, Rustem F. Ismagilov, Vyacheslav V. Samoshin, Yury A. Strelenko, Dmitry V. Demchuk, Gennady I. Nikishin, Sergey V. Lindeman, Viktor N. Khrustalyov, and Yury T. Struchkov
Remote Asymmetric Induction in Free Radical Cycloaddition Leading to Trans-cyclohexano-fused 12-membered Crown Thioethers, Emmanuil I. Troyansky, Rustem F. Ismagilov, Yury A. Strelenko, Vyacheslav V. Samoshin, Dmitry V. Demchuk, Gennady I. Nikishin, Sergey V. Lindeman, Viktor N. Khrustalyov, and Yury T. Struchkov
O-Tosylaminobenzaldehyde aminals in the synthesis of 1,3-disubstituted propargylamines, derivatives of 3H-2-vinylidene-3-aminoindoline and quinoline, L. Yu Ukhin, V. N. Komissarov, G. I. Orlova, G. S. Borodkin, Sergey V. Lindeman, V. N. Khrustalev, and Yu T. Struchkov
Formation of H-bonded ionic associates in reactions of 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde with secondary amines, L. Yu Ukhin, G. I. Orlova, Sergey V. Lindeman, V. N. Khrustalev, and Yu T. Struchkov
Swelling-assisted Modification of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) by Methacrylic Acid, Thomas J. Xue and Charles Wilkie